N288 Interpretation of Seismic Data in Structurally Complex Settings

Many exploration areas have experienced multiple periods and directions of deformation. The resulting fault and fold patterns are usually complex and often misinterpreted. 2D and 3D seismic data in complex areas present very different problems for the interpreter. 2D seismic data sets are less time consuming to interpret but usually there are not enough data to constrain the interpretation. Complexly deformed 3D datasets can present a different challenge, as the frequency and complexity of the faulting can be overwhelming. In both cases, experience in unraveling multiple deformations, evaluating confusing map patterns, best use of seismic attributes for structural interpretation, and guidelines for interpretation are essential.

This course will introduce the seismic interpreter to 2D and 3D seismic data sets that show examples of structural reactivation and superposition of different structural styles, directions and timing. It will review and discuss existing structural concepts of reactivation fault patterns produced by more than one episode of deformation.

Structural interpretation topics covered will include:

• Structural analysis work flow – how to determine the best way to approach each data set
• Quick restoration techniques to diagnose interpretation errors
• Differentiating strike-slip deformation from oblique reactivation of basement faults or inversion
• Recognizing map patterns of reactivated structures
• How useful are traditional fault analysis tools in areas of multiple deformations?
• Do older faults always get reactivated?
• Is lineament analysis useful?
• Use of growth stratigraphy to determine timing of each deformation event
• Use of curvature analysis and coherence as a proxy for fault mapping
• How ductile layers change patterns of fault reactivation